High-Level-Design

The PumaGuard system consists of three main components:

1. Central Unit

   This unit contains the inference machine which processes the incoming photos from the Trailcam Units. If a Puma was identified, the central unit activates lights and sound through one of the Output units.

           flowchart TB
     A("New files from Trailcam Unit?") -- No --> E("Wait") --> A
     A -- Yes --> B("Run ML model")
     B --> C("Was a Puma detected?")
     C -- No --> A
     C -- Yes --> D("Request lights and sound from Output Unit")
       

   Fig. 2 Flowchart of Central Unit

2. Trailcam Unit

   This unit contains a trailcam and a small processing unit. The processing unit monitors the camera for new photos and sends new photos to the Central unit for processing.

           flowchart TB
   A("New files on SD Card?") -- No --> C("Wait") --> A
   A -- Yes --> B("Send new files to Central Unit")
       

   Fig. 3 Flowchart of Trailcam Unit

3. Output Unit

   The output unit contains a speaker and lights for scaring the puma away. The speaks and lights are controlled by a small processing unit which gets instructions from the Central unit.

           flowchart TB
   A("Turn on speakers and lights?") -- No --> C("Wait") --> A
   A -- Yes --> B("Turn on speakers and light")
       

   Fig. 4 Flowchart of Output Unit

Below a schematic of the setup. Note that there can be multiple Trailcam and Output units.

        architecture-beta
    group central(cloud)[Central Unit]

    service pi(server)[Pi] in central
    service ap(internet)[AP] in central

    group camera_1(disk)[Trail Cam]

    service trailcam_1(camera)[Trailcam] in camera_1
    service pizero_camera_1(server)[Pi Zero] in camera_1

    group camera_2(disk)[Trail Cam]

    service trailcam_2(camera)[Trailcam] in camera_2
    service pizero_camera_2(server)[Pi Zero] in camera_2

    group output_1(speakers)[Output]

    service speaker_1(speaker)[Speaker] in output_1
    service lights_1(light)[Lights] in output_1
    service pizero_output_1(server)[Pi Zero] in output_1

    group output_2(speakers)[Output]

    service speaker_2(speaker)[Speaker] in output_2
    service lights_2(light)[Lights] in output_2
    service pizero_output_2(server)[Pi Zero] in output_2

    pizero_camera_1:B -- B:ap
    pizero_camera_2:B -- B:ap
    pizero_output_1:B -- B:ap
    pizero_output_2:B -- B:ap
    pizero_camera_1:B -- B:trailcam_1
    pizero_camera_2:B -- B:trailcam_2
    pizero_output_1:B -- B:speaker_1
    pizero_output_1:B -- B:lights_1
    pizero_output_2:B -- B:speaker_2
    pizero_output_2:B -- B:lights_2
    pi:B -- B:ap
    

Fig. 5 High-Level-Design of units